The
history of the Corvair starts when VWs started to be imported in
larger and larger numbers during the mid '50s. At that time
Chevrolet offered "full size Chevys", trucks, and the Corvette
-period. They wanted to offer "compact" cars by 1960 (as did just
about every other manufacturer once they heard Chevy was coming out
with a compact). Chevy may not have "copied" the VW but many of the
basics of the air cooled rear engine, compact transaxle, and
suspension were similar. However, the Corvair was larger
inside and outside, and was an "American size compact". The Corvair
would represent several production firsts for Chevy including: their
first (only) rear air cooled engine, first unitized body, first
production car turbo, and fully independent suspension for each
wheel-front and rear.
The 1960 Corvair was originally offered as a 2 door coupe & 4 door
sedan in 2 trim levels and was honestly rather utilitarian. During
the spring of 1960 a "sporty" Monza model was offered with full
vinyl interior, bucket seats & full wheel covers. This sporty model
was to really "drive" Corvair sales and attract the interest of
enthusiasts in the coming years. Total 1960 production=250,007 |
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For 1961 Chevrolet added a 4 door station wagon, a window van (the
Greenbrier), a panel van (Corvair 95), and a pickup (the Rampside)
that had a side panel (ramp) that hinged down to the road. All
vehicles had the rear air cooled engines which were now available
with slightly more power. Even during this early period the Corvair
was developing a following and was considered one of the "sportier"
compacts, sometimes being referred to as a "poor man's Porsche".
Total production=329,632. |
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1962 saw major additions including: a convertible and the
turbocharger option package. The option turbo included many changes
- a few of those were: larger connecting rods,larger oil cooler,
turbo & carb (horsepower increased from a max of 102hp to 150hp),
chrome engine accents, special emblems, "Spyder" wheel cover
inserts, special dash. Yes - this was the "Monza Spyder"
option-available only on Monza coupes and convertibles with 4 speed
transmissions. The Corvair now had power to go with its classic
looks. Chevy placed many "sporty ads", often with the Corvette near
by. Total production was 328,500.
By 1963 the station wagon was gone. There were minor changes in trim
and interior but for the most part the car was identical to the
1962. Total production=281,539. |
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1964 was to be the last year of the "early" style ("boxy style"). It
is also considered the best of the "early" styles for 2 reasons.
First, Chevy had added a single leaf rear spring that went from the
left rear lower suspension to the right lower suspension, attaching
to the bottom of the differential in the middle - this spring
carried about 40% of the rear weight & helped to control rear
suspension "tuck in". Secondly, the engine was increased to 164
cubic inches and the larger turbo connecting rods were made
standard. The basic horsepower increased to 95, with optional 110.
The Monza Spyder became an actual model instead of an option but was
still rated as 150hp. This was the last year for the Rampside and
Corvan 95. Total production decreased to 207,114 (Why? - the Chevy
II came out in 1962, the Chevelle in 1964 and the Ford Mustang in
1964,but also - this was the 5th year of a car that looked basically
unchanged since its introduction).
1965 was the first year of the "late style" - the "more modern
style", that even today does not seem as "dated" as many cars from
the mid '60s. There were numerous changes other than the obvious
styling change. The basic engine remained the same 164 cubic inches
and the base engines were 95hp and 110hp but you could also order a
4 carb-140hp engine in any model. The turbo option was now 180hp and
could only be ordered in the Corsa (the Corsa came with a special
dash and the 140 or 180hp engine). The rear suspension was now more
like the Corvette and produced a major improvement in handling;
however, most enthusiasts agree that the later body was never as
"solid" as the "early" style. The coupe and 4 door had no center
pillar when the windows were down (true "hardtops" in an "economy
car"). Total production went up a little to 237,056. |
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1966 was the last year for the turbo and Corsa model-the Greenbrier
was discontinued after fewer than 2,000 were produced in 1965. The
only major change in 1966 was the new Saginaw 4 speed transmission.
Many feel that Chevy wanted to "drop" the Corvair when the 1967
Camaro was scheduled to come out but continued the car until 1969 so
as not to appear that they were giving in to "consumer advocate
claims". Total production =103,743. |
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1967 - the Corsa was
gone. This was the first year of the "skinny seats" and the last
year for the 4 door. Chevy had "given up" on the Corvair, they now
had their Camaro to fight the Mustang. There would be very little
effort put into advertising. Total production=27,253. |
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1968-69 - More smog control, a few minor interior changes, and the
Corvair was gone - but not before 1,786,243 were produced and had
won the hearts of many people. Total production, 1968=15,399.
1969=6,000. |
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"Unsafe At Any Speed" - The Corvair will probably always be linked
to Ralph Nader's mid '60s book. Most of this book is not about the
Corvair, but the Corvair received most of the attention. The
majority of the controversy was about the rear suspension of the
1960-63 Corvairs. It was claimed that they would "tuck in" causing
the car to go out of control & flip!! There was a film produced to
show the Corvair going out of control-but it has been contended that
"tricks" were used to get the Corvair to finally lose control. GM
hired race drivers and other experts to prove that the Corvair was
safe and the general conclusion was that it was as safe (if not
safer) than most cars of the time. The final report by the National
Highway Safety Administration was not given until 1972. The Corvair
"won" - but it was too late and received little space in the news of
the day.
Thanks Ralph! |
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Official Production
Figures:
EM Coupes: 677,651
EM Sedans: 464,788
EM Convertibles: 96,540
Station Wagons: 32,120
Vans: 106,591
Pick ups: 20,630
LM Coupes: 253,492
LM Sedans: 82,109
LM Convertibles: 52,322
Total Production: 1.79 million |
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What "killed the Corvair"? Most people assume that Mr. Nader's book
and the court cases did, but they were not the main cause. The main
reasons? Cheap gas and cheap horsepower. Remember the muscle
cars? The GTO, Mustang, Camaro, etc? The Corvair was always
expensive to build and was limited by engine size. For a few
hundred $ more you could have a gas-guzzling muscle car - a great
combination since high test gas was only about $.34 a gallon.
Consumers wouldn't care about gas consumption until the first gas
crisis of the early 1970's. The Corvair, the Falcon and most
"economy cars" were mostly gone by 1969. Chevy didn't need it - they
had the Chevy II, the Camaro and the Chevelle - all available with
big V8s.
Please realize this is a very brief history - There are a number of
excellent books that give a detailed history of the Corvair - truly
an American Classic. |
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